CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TURMERIC
Curcumin was first isolated in 1815, obtained in crystalline form in 1870 (Vogel and Pelletier,
1818; Daube, 1870), and identified as 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(1E,6E) or diferuloylmethane (Figure 10.3). The feruloylmethane skeleton of curcumin was
subsequently confirmed in 1910 by the initial work and synthesis by Lampe (Lampe, 1910; Lampe
and Milobedzka, 1913). Curcumin is a yellow-orange powder that is insoluble in water and ether
but soluble in ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetone. Curcumin has a melting point of 183C,
molecular formula of C21H20O6, and molecular weight of 368.37 g/mol.
Curcumin (also known as curcumin I) occurs naturally in the rhizome of Curcuma longa, which
is grown commercially and sold as turmeric, a yellow-orange dye. Turmeric contains curcumin
along with other chemical constituents known as the “curcuminoids” (Srinivasan, 1952).
The major medicinal properties of curcumin are -
Chemopreventive
Skin, liver, colon, stomach
Diabetes
Cardiovascular
diseases
Cholestrol, platelet aggregation
Arthritis
Antiinflammatory
Chemotheraputic
Antiangiogenic Antioxidant
Multiple sclerosis
Alzheimer disease
Lung fibrosis
Nephrotoxicity
Cardiotoxicity
Wound healing
HIV replication
Cataract formation
Gall-stones formation
Inhibits vascular
smooth muscle cell
proliferation
Curcumin
Inflammatory
bowel disease
Immunosuppressive
Septic shock
Liver injury
Inhibits Scarring
Multidrug resistance
Curcumin was first isolated in 1815, obtained in crystalline form in 1870 (Vogel and Pelletier,
1818; Daube, 1870), and identified as 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(1E,6E) or diferuloylmethane (Figure 10.3). The feruloylmethane skeleton of curcumin was
subsequently confirmed in 1910 by the initial work and synthesis by Lampe (Lampe, 1910; Lampe
and Milobedzka, 1913). Curcumin is a yellow-orange powder that is insoluble in water and ether
but soluble in ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetone. Curcumin has a melting point of 183C,
molecular formula of C21H20O6, and molecular weight of 368.37 g/mol.
Curcumin (also known as curcumin I) occurs naturally in the rhizome of Curcuma longa, which
is grown commercially and sold as turmeric, a yellow-orange dye. Turmeric contains curcumin
along with other chemical constituents known as the “curcuminoids” (Srinivasan, 1952).
The major medicinal properties of curcumin are -
Chemopreventive
Skin, liver, colon, stomach
Diabetes
Cardiovascular
diseases
Cholestrol, platelet aggregation
Arthritis
Antiinflammatory
Chemotheraputic
Antiangiogenic Antioxidant
Multiple sclerosis
Alzheimer disease
Lung fibrosis
Nephrotoxicity
Cardiotoxicity
Wound healing
HIV replication
Cataract formation
Gall-stones formation
Inhibits vascular
smooth muscle cell
proliferation
Curcumin
Inflammatory
bowel disease
Immunosuppressive
Septic shock
Liver injury
Inhibits Scarring
Multidrug resistance
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